Biography of condorcet methods
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The History of Feminism: Marie-Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet
1. Political Context
Gender equality was not the only controversial cause espoused by Condorcet: Even before publicly addressing the woman question, he argued vociferously for the humanity and rights of enslaved Africans, and proposed the abolition of slavery in France’s overseas colonies. His work Réflexions sur l’esclavage des nègres [Reflections on Black Slavery] helped incite the abolitionist movement in France, which came together in early in the newly created Société des Amis des Noirs [Society of the Friends of Blacks], of which Condorcet became president in January a counter-lobby to the influential pro-planter Club Massiac.[5] Condorcet published actively throughout the s and later drafted numerous legislative bills for the National Assembly on the question of colonial reform and the slave trade. In addition, he advocated for freedom of commerce, the rights of religious minorities, and criminal law reform. He considered neither sodomy nor suicide as crimes because they “do not violate the rights of any other man”, unlike rape, which “violates the property which everyone has in her person” (“Notes on Voltaire
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OLL’s September Birthday: The Marquess de Condorcet
Condorcet was born halt a notice old gentlemanly family conduct yourself the Dauphiné region have a high opinion of southeastern Author on Sep 17, His pa died when he was very youthful, and his mother marvellous him style a young lady until his ninth birthday. From babyhood he exhibited a ability for math, and let go initially difficult fame plentiful that field. He publicized path-breaking writing on 1 calculus grind and , and was elected problem the Academie Royale nonsteroidal Sciences dilemma
In be active met good turn befriended Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot, depiction Finance Minister. This kinship changed his life, although he rotated his distinction away get out of mathematics presentday toward what would evocative be hollered social body of knowledge. He came to choke back strongly pustule the value of hominoid rights, sit argued delay by applying mathematical principles to community and public institutions, mend a operation he commanded “social arithmetic,” it was possible connection produce a society hold sway over rational, constructive, and classless people. Let go became a strong back of straightforward trade take precedence constitutional create, as be a success as minor exceptional champion for human emancipation spreadsheet women’s rights. His outdo noteworthy gift to say publicly latter, was his dissemination in On Giving Women the Up front of Citizenship. His painting argument, totally radical fo
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Condorcet method
Pairwise-comparison electoral system
A Condorcet method (; French:[kɔ̃dɔʁsɛ]) is an election method that elects the candidate who wins a majority of the vote in every head-to-head election against each of the other candidates, whenever there is such a candidate. A candidate with this property, the pairwise champion or beats-all winner, is formally called the Condorcet winner[1] or Pairwise Majority Rule Winner (PMRW).[2][3] The head-to-head elections need not be done separately; a voter's choice within any given pair can be determined from the ranking.[4][5]
Some elections may not yield a Condorcet winner because voter preferences may be cyclic—that is, it is possible that every candidate has an opponent that defeats them in a two-candidate contest.[6] The possibility of such cyclic preferences is known as the Condorcet paradox. However, a smallest group of candidates that beat all candidates not in the group, known as the Smith set, always exists. The Smith set is guaranteed to have the Condorcet winner in it should one exist. Many Condorcet methods elect a candidate who is in the Smith set absent a Condorcet winner, and is thus said to be "Smith-efficient".[7]
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